1600s

• Tea and coffee become popular in Europe.
• Central Banking in France and modern Finance by Scottish economist John Law
• 1602: Dutch East India Company founded. Its success contributes to the Dutch Golden Age.
• 1605: Johannes Kepler starts investigating elliptical orbits of planets
• 1606 : 5th Guru Arjan Das Ji Executed by Orders of Jehangir. First Guru Martyr.
• 1607: The London Company establishes the Jamestown Settlement in North America precipitating the British colonization of the Americas.
• 1610: The Orion Nebula is identified by Nicolas de Peiresc of France
• 1611: King James Bible or 'Authorized Version' first published
• 1615: The Mughal Empire grants extensive trading rights to the British East India Company.
• 1614: John Napier introduces the logarithm to simplify calculations
• 1619: British North American colonies introduce slavery in expanding plantations.
• 1626: St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican completed.
• 1628: William Harvey publishes and elucidates his earlier discovery of the circulatory system
• 1632: Building of the Taj Mahal begins, a mausoleum for Mumtaz Mahal.
• 1637: The Dutch tulip mania bubble bursts.
• 1637: The Pequot War, the first of the American Indian Wars
• 1637: Pierre de Fermat formulates his so-called Last Theorem, unsolved until 1995
• 1642: Blaise Pascal builds an early mechanical calculator for addition and subtraction
• 1652: Cape Town founded by the Dutch East India Company in South Africa
• 1664: British troops capture New Amsterdam and rename it New York.
• 1666: The Great Fire of London.
• 1674: Maratha Empire founded in India by Shivaji.
• 1675: 9th Guru Shri Teg Bahadur Ji Executed (11th Nov) by Orders of Aurangzed 
• 1676: First measurement of the speed of light
• 1679: Binary system developed by Gottfried Leibnitz, possibly influenced by Shao Yong
• 1684: Calculus independently developed by both Gottfried Leibnitz and Sir Issac Newton and used to formulate classical mechanics
• 1687: Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
• 1689: The Treaty of Nerchinsk established a border between Russia and China.
• 1692: Salem witch trials in Massachusetts.